Equity and Fairness of Employee Compensation Systems

Compensation is key to organisational strategy. It has an impact on attracting and retaining employees and ensuring optimal performance in meeting the organisation’s objectives. The economic importance of compensation is that it should allow the organization to maintain a cost structure that enables it to compete effectively and efficiently in its markets. Adams equity theory suggests that once an individual has chosen an action that is expected to satisfy his or her needs, the individual assesses the equity or fairness of the outcome. Three attitudes are possible; an individual may feel equitably rewarded, under rewarded, or over rewarded. When individuals feel under rewarded or over rewarded, they will do something to reduce the inequity. A further development ‘Fairness theory’ takes into account the notion of accountability and blame. When people identify an instance of unfair treatment, they are holding someone accountable for an action that threatens another person’s material or Continue reading

Wage Differentials – Types and Implications

If we take various contingent factors into account, we find that there may  be differences in wage and salary structures. These differentials may be  industrial and occupational, regional, organisational and personal. Industrial and Occupational Differentials :  Industrial and occupational differentials exist because of requirement of  different skill set and imbalance in demand and supply of personnel having such  skills. Wages and salaries are usually fixed on the basis of skills required to  perform a job. Thus, highly specialized jobs requiring higher level of skills are  linked with higher pay too. Coupled with this, shortage of supply of such  personnel also induces the payment of higher pay. Regional Differentials :  Apart from industrial arid occupational differentials,  there may be differences in wages and salaries region-wise also within the same  industry and occupation group. Such differences are visible in different  countries of the world as well as different regions within a country. Continue reading

Concepts of Minimum Wage, Fair Wage and Living Wage

According to economic theory, wages are defined broadly as any  economic compensation paid by the employer to his laborers under some  contract for the services rendered by them. In its actual sense which is prevalent  in the practice, wages are paid to workers which include basic wages and other  allowances which are linked with the wages like dearness allowances, etc.  Traditionally, in the absence of any bargaining power possessed by laborers,  they did not have any say in the determination of wages paid to them. In the Indian context, soon after the  independence, Government of India set up a Committee on Fair Wages in 1948  which has defined various concepts of wages which govern the wage structure in  the country specially in those sectors which can be termed as underpaid and  where workers do not have bargaining power through unions. These concepts  are: minimum wage, living wage, and fair wage. Continue reading

Global Compensation Practices

For many companies, maintaining a domestic compensation program  that supports the strategic goals of the organization and meets the needs of  employees is a difficult challenge. This challenge is intensified when a similar  program must be designed to operate in multiple countries with different  cultures. For organizations competing in a global marketplace, managing compensation requires a through understanding of the taxation of compensation  and benefits, differing state social systems, differences in living standards and  employee values and expectations. Some of the most challenging questions in  compensation practices are following: How does a company pay expatriates from difference home countries  brought together to work on a project? What about compensation packages for same country nationals sent to different  regions of the world? Traditional compensation systems for expatriates, such as the balance  sheet approach and going  rate approach, may not be adequate for the company  or expatriate in facilitating an case of Continue reading

Process of Performance Appraisal

One of the most important things to remember about performance  appraisals is that its effectiveness will be highly influenced by its purpose. For  example, a programme, which is developed, to focus on employee development  and training needs may not be suitable for making major decisions about  salaries. Likewise, it is possible that the organization, management and  employee may all have different goals for the performance appraisal process. Performance  appraisal involves ‘identifying, evaluating and developing employees’ work  performance with the dual purpose of achieving the organization’s goals and  objectives whilst also ensuring the employee receives recognition, feedback and  development’. The process of  performance appraisal  starts with employee planning and  ends with an evaluation of employee progress. The process of performance appraisal  consists broadly two steps. First, complete the performance appraisal  form; secondly, participate in a performance appraisal interview and discussion.  These two sages comprise the following levels in the appraising performance Continue reading

Job Evaluation Process

Job evaluation aims  to provide this equity and consistency by defining the relative worth of different  jobs in an organisation.  Job evaluation is a process consisting of several steps. The following are the steps in job evaluation  process: 1. Job Analysis Job evaluation process starts with the base provided by job analysis. Job  analysis identifies various dimensions of a job in two forms: job description and  job specification. Job description provides responsibilities involved in the  performance of the job while job specification provides attributes required in the  job performer. Both these taken together provide information about various  factors involved in different jobs. 2. Appointment of Committee for Job Evaluation As pointed out earlier, job evaluation is a specialized function and is  carried on by a committee consisting of members drawn from different line  departments of the organisation, outside experts, besides HR personnel. HR  person generally acts as committee convener or Continue reading