Leadership and Followership

All-important social accomplishment requires complex group effort and, therefore, leadership and followership. Leader-follower relationship is two way, leader as well as followers have great capacity to influence the relationship. Just as a leader is accountable for the actions and performance of followers, so followers are accountable for their leaders. Followers support leaders when necessary and help them correct their actions, just as leaders must support followers and help them to correct their actions. This is partnership and both sides must be proactive. Organizations are successful or not partly on the basis of how well their leaders lead, but also in great part on the basis of how well their followers follow. Courageous followers help leaders stay on track and manage their decision-making processes in the right direction. Responsible and effective followers have a critical role in maintaining the desired partnering dynamics. In his book The Courageous Follower, Ira Chaleff points Continue reading

The Role of Human Resources in Mergers and Acquisitions

Mergers and acquisitions represent ways for companies to grow, develop strategic positioning, acquire technologies and talents and develop synergies. However, more than 80% of the mergers and acquisitions done failed to produce any benefits while half of them led to a reduction of the value of the companies. This figure is really surprising when we consider the number of mergers and acquisitions occurring in a year. Nevertheless, a merger or an acquisition can also represent an opportunity. Indeed, one case out of eight represents a successful merger (or acquisition) where both companies come out stronger (such as the merger of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline in 2000). According to the specificities of both companies, of the industry, the success factor may vary from one situation to another. Whatever the reason why an organization is going to a merger or an acquisition, the good management of the Human resources during this process Continue reading

Case Study: An Analysis of Competitive Advantages of Honda Corporation

There are several factors that can contribute to a firm’s ability to be competitive in its industry. Building blocks of a competitive advantage include efficiency, quality, innovation, and responsiveness to customers. A firm with a competitive advantage may experience higher profits than the average profit in the industry while competing for the same customers. In the case of Honda, this is true. Honda has many distinctive competencies based on its resource and capabilities that allow it to have a competitive advantage in the auto manufacturing industry. Three areas that give Honda a competitive advantage in the auto industry include Honda’s engineering and design, research and development, and brand equity. Honda is unique in that its corporate structure is made of three companies. Honda Research and Development is in charge of research and development of innovative products for the company. Honda Motor produces, sells, and services the all Honda products. Honda Continue reading

Financial Accounting and Management Accounting – Similarities and Differences

Financial accounting and management accounting play an important part in accounting information system. They co-exist in enterprise production and operation of management, constituting the modern enterprise accounting system together. Much information which management accounting required is from financial accounting, while financial accounting also put the established budget, standards organizations, and such daily accounting data from management accounting as the basic premise. Management accounting is used primarily by those within a company or organization. Reports can be generated for any period of time such as daily, weekly or monthly. Reports are considered to be “future looking” and have forecasting value to those within the company.  Main function of management accounting in the enterprise is to establish a variety of internal accounting control system and provide internal management needs of a variety of data and information at the aim of improving operational efficiency and effectiveness. Financial accounting is used primarily by those Continue reading

Initial Basic Feasible Solution of a Transportation Problem

Initial basic feasible solution of a transportation problem can be obtained by any of the following methods: 1. North—West corner rule The major advantage of the north—west corner rule method is that it is very simple and easy to apply. Its major disadvantage, however, is that it is not sensitive to costs and consequently yields poor initial solutions. The steps involved in determining an initial solution using north—west corner rule are as follows: Step 1. Write the given transportation problem in tabular form (if not given). Step 2. Go over to the north-west corner of the table. Suppose it is the (i, j)th cell. Step 3. Allocate min (ai, bj) to this cell. If the min (ai , bj) = ai, then the availability of the ith origin is exhausted and demand at the jth destination remains as bj-ai and the ith row is deleted from the table. Again if Continue reading

Individual’s and Organizational Approaches to Managing Stress

As we know that stress has got a number of negative consequences for the individuals, that is why every individual should take personal responsibility for reducing his or her stress level. There are a number of ways by which a person can either avoid stressful conditions, change them or learn to cope with them. Stress can be managed by an individual, which will enable him to regain control over his life. Some of the stress reducing strategies from individual’s point of view are : 1. Knowledge About Stress. In the first stage, an individual should become knowledgeable about stress. He should know about the process and effects of stress. He must find out the major sources of his stress. He must anticipate stressful periods and plan accordingly in advance. He must be honest with himself and decide what he can cope with what he cannot. 2. Physiological Fitness. Exercise in Continue reading