Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Kaizen – Understanding the Japanese Business Philosophy of Continuous Improvement

Operations Management

Role of Leaders in Shaping Organizational Culture

Management Principles

Understanding the Importance of International Business Strategy

The survival and progression of businesses in the 21st century is highly dependent on the ability of firms to expand beyond their national borders, taking into account the cost effectiveness of expansion and the complexity and risks associated with the company’s chosen international business strategy. The resources and objectives of a firm, as well as the demand for their product outside their national borders are important in taking the decision to globalize a company’s products and/or services. Although three strategies are more common, namely multi domestic, global and transnational approaches, the fourth strategy available to firms is the international approach to global expansion. This article will analyze the two approaches that differ in local responsiveness and cost pressure for the business, with the international approach as the least responsive and expensive for the company and the transnational approach as the most costly and locally focused from the four options available Continue reading

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Improve, Adapt, Buy or Drop a Product – Strategic Marketing Decisions

If a product is not showing profitable performance, the company may consider one of the alternatives, viz., improve, adapt, buy or drop the product. Improve If the firm continues to make the product, it may be required to make improvement in its production or distribution so as to yield adequate return.   Improvement may mean re-designing the product or producing it at a lower cost.   Product improvement is particularly necessary when the existing product has become apparently obsolete or out of fashion.  Indian companies need to continuously upgrade their products and technology to withstand the pace of change in their business environment and to meet the challenges thrown up by the emergence of a buyer’ market.   Product improvement is very important in durable goods, for example, automobiles, refrigerators, etc.   This explains the development of a camera with a built-in coupled exposure meter, which proved to be a Continue reading

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Advantages of Swaps

Swaps permits institutions to exchange one flow of payments with another, in addition to hedging income gaps existing in the organizations. Swaps are contractual agreements between two parties who agree to exchange a stream of cash flows for a specified period, known as the “tenor.” These cash flows depend on agreed-upon parameters and the price fluctuations in a specified underlying asset, commodity, or market index. Swap markets emerged to address the increased currency and interest-rate volatility after the collapse of the Bretton Woods fixed exchange rate system. They are known to lessen risk; reduce borrowing costs; and assist in avoiding unnecessary costs arising from changes in the balance sheet. The following advantages can be derived by a systematic use of swap: 1. Borrowing at Lower Cost: Swap facilitates borrowings at lower cost. It works on the principle of the theory of comparative cost as propounded by Ricardo. One borrower exchanges Continue reading

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Double Entry System of Bookkeeping

The recording of financial transactions undertaken by an individual or an organization defined Bookkeeping. The organization could be an enterprise, a charitable organization or even a local sports club. The necessary support for such accounting function is provided by bookkeeping as the preparation of cost reports, financial statements, and tax returns. Making entries to specific accounts with debit and credit system and keeping track of a business’s financial transactions is involved. Bookkeeping has evolved through the years from clay tablets, to paper ledgers, and now computerized systems. Even for now, bookkeeping fundamentals have not been changed through the ages. And chances are the future societies will not be able to exist without a formal system of financial recording keeping. In short, some of the same problems that plagued ancient bookkeepers still exist even with modern advancement. The process of bookkeeping is always considered to be as vital importance to categorize Continue reading

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Compare and Contrast Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs with Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Motivation

Motivation is an intangible human asset which acts as a driver that pushes humans to be willing to perform certain actions. In just about everything we do there is something that moves us to perform the action which involves some motivation allowing us to perform tasks or actions which produces some type of personal benefit as a result. The general theory would be that, the greater the personal gain in performing the task for the individual, the more motivated they are to try at the task to achieve the best outcome. Motivation is usually stimulated by a want where there is a gain to be had as a result of performing a certain task.   A person is a wanting being – he always wants, and he wants more. Therefore if there is nothing that an individual wants, there would be no need for them to perform a certain task Continue reading

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Legal and Procedural Aspects of Mergers

Merger is a financial tool that is used for enhancing long-term profitability by expanding their operations. Mergers occur when the merging companies have their mutual consent. The income tax Act, 1961 of India uses the term ‘amalgamation’ for merger. The procedure of amalgamation or merger is long drawn and involves some important legal dimensions. Following Steps are Taken in this Procedure Analysis of proposal by the companies: whenever a proposal for merger or amalgamation comes up then managements of concerned companies look into the pros and cons of the scheme. The likely benefits such as economies of scale, operational economies, improvement in efficiency, reduction in cost, benefits of diversification, etc. are clearly evaluated. The likely reaction of shareholders, creditors and others are also assessed. The taxation implications are also studied. After going through the whole analyses work, it is seen whether the scheme will be beneficial or not. After going Continue reading

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