Build Own Operate Transfer (BOOT) Model

Build Own Operate Transfer (BOOT)  funding model   of project financing involves a single organization, or consortium (BOOT provider) who designs, builds, funds, owns and operates the project for a defined period of time and then transfers this projects ownership across to a agreed party. BOOT projects are a way for governments to bundle together the design and construction, finance, operations and maintenance and potentially marketing and customer interface aspects of a project and let these as a package to a single private sector service provider. The asset is transferred back to the government after the concession period at little or no cost. The Components of Build Own Operate Transfer (BOOT) Model: Build: The concession grants the promoter the right to design, construct, and finance the project. A construction contract will be required between the promoter and a contractor. The contract is often among the most difficult to negotiate in Continue reading

Consensus and Its Significance in Business

What is Consensus? The concept of consensus has become quite familiar and desirable means of informal business communication not only in the political fields but also in the commercial spheres as well. It is a common agreement of opinion on a given problem among the majority of people in a group or community. The board meeting of commercial organizations takes certain decisions through consensus. Sometimes, merely a copy of resolution is circulated among the members of a particular group to get their approval. When the decisions are taken unanimously, the unity of the group is recognized. It projects a good image of the business house and the status of the organization is raised. It also suggests high morale of the management to the employees, customers, shareholders, and other people. Consensus does not mean that there exist no opposite views among the members of the group. Of course, perfect unanimity should Continue reading

National Securities Clearing Corporation Ltd. (NSCCL)

National Securities Clearing Corporation Ltd. (NSCCL) is a wholly owned subsidiary of NSE and was incorporated in August 1995. It was the first clearing corporation to be established in the country and also the first clearing corporation in the country to introduce settlement guarantee. It was set up with the following objectives: to bring and sustain confidence in clearing and settlement of securities; to promote and maintain, short and consistent settlement cycles; to provide counter-party risk guarantee, and to operate a tight risk containment system. Clearing and Settlement by  National Securities Clearing Corporation Ltd. (NSCCL)   National Securities Clearing Corporation Ltd. carries out the clearing and settlement of the trades executed in the equities and derivatives segments of the NSE, It operates a well-defined settlement cycle and there are no deviations or deferments from this cycle. It aggregates trades over a trading period, nets the positions to determine the liabilities Continue reading

Changing Scenario of Advertising Strategies

In recent years, advertisement has grown dramatically. Many people are exposed to several ads every day. Some people can think that advertisements don’t mean anything, but usually ads sell more than they offer. Sometimes, ads can sell values, norms, lifestyles, love, popularity, and happiness. Ads have an important role in society because sometimes those ads tell people who they are or who are they going to be. Advertising has a profound effect on everyone, and sometimes we don’t know that. In fact, marketers spend billions trying to reach audience. Advertising is everywhere from the clothes we use until the food we eat. Marketers use many ways to approach to audience, but some of these methods are unethical. One of these methods is called “divide and conquer”, and its purpose is to increase sales through market segmentation. Marketers use strategies based on social diversification, audience packaging, and product targeting. Even though Continue reading

McKinsey’s Three Horizons Framework

Mehrdad Baghai, Stephen Coley and David White in their book “The Alchemy of Growth”  define the three horizons for growth. The book was based on a study of 40 growth companies, where the authors tried to identify how these successful companies approach and implement growth strategies. The key pattern that the authors identified is one of a step-by-step approach, a “staircase of initiatives.” Companies certainly keep an eye on the longer term strategy, but also simultaneously manage the near term. Each time a short term target is reached, a new capability is developed, a small acquisition is integrated, successful growers look at this as a platform for the next step. This may be a platform to continue to execute towards a strategic goal that had been set in the past. But it may also be a stage where new opportunities arise, that the company may not have been aware of Continue reading

EFQM Excellence Model

The  European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) Excellence Model was introduced in 1991 as the framework for organizational self-assessment and as the basis for judging entrants to the European Quality Award, which was awarded for the first time in 1992. A number of factors have encouraged many western countries to introduce quality awards. Among these were: the importance of quality for competitiveness, and contribution of benchmarking and self-assessment techniques to improving performance. The award models are used extensively throughout the world by leading companies and can thus be used for international benchmarking comparisons. A framework designed to assist organisations achieve business excellence through continuous improvement in the management and deployment of processes to engender wider use of best practice activities. It enables the calculation of scores against a number of criteria that can be used for either internal or external “benchmark” comparisons. It is hoped that the results of these Continue reading