Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Kaizen – Understanding the Japanese Business Philosophy of Continuous Improvement

Operations Management

Role of Leaders in Shaping Organizational Culture

Management Principles

Organizational Culture – Development and Importance

Management Principles

Five Important Organizational Cultural Models

Management Principles

Emergence/History of Derivatives

The history of derivatives is so vast and is interesting to know that derivatives dated back to 16th century. Like forward delivery contracts, where the asset is to be delivered on specific date and time for an agreed fixed rate existed in the ancient Greek and Rome times, where the emperors of that time entered into these kind of contracts to overcome the foreseen problems, like falling short of grains required at the times of masses. Interestingly they worked out and thus gave a pavement to the new way of trading between farmers and merchants. Due to the uncertainty of prices and supply merchants started entering into the futures contracts with the farmers which was termed as “to-arrive” contract which allowed trader and farmer to trade with lock – in price. This made sense as it was safe for both the farmers and traders, from the farmer’s point of view Continue reading

Abey Francis

Features of Forward Exchange Contract

The following are the features of a forward exchange contract. FEDAI has also laid down certain guidelines defining certain aspects of forward exchange contract. a) Parties: There are two parties in a forward exchange contract. They can be, A bank and a customer. Two banks in the same country. Two banks in different countries. b) Amount: forward exchange contracts are entered into for a definite sum expressed in foreign currency. c) Rate: the rate at which the conversion of foreign exchange is to take place at a future date is agreed upon at the time of signing the forward contract which is known as the contracted rate and is to be mentioned in the contract. d) Date of Delivery: Date of delivery in a forward contract means the future date on which the delivery of foreign exchange is to take place and is computed from the spot date or date of Continue reading

Abey Francis

Visionary Leadership Style – Meaning, Benefits and Challenges

Visionary Leadership is defined as an operation to influence others in order to create a better future and solve problems in an innovative way. Visionary leaders are those which have the ability to see the capabilities in others have the tendency to lead them. This type of leadership style creates a positive momentum and endurance in an organization. However, the visionary leadership style is most effective when an organization needs a new and clear direction to follow. Employees or people who performed under visionary leaders always enjoy working with them and truly want themselves to reach their full potential and find meaning in their work. Visionary leaders are somewhere different from other leaders as they always inspire, encourage, empower and equip their team members for a better outcome. Therefore, if businesses is looking for moving to a next high level and takes on new initiatives or re-evaluate their vision, then Continue reading

Abey Francis

Strategies to Improve Employee Relations

The human resources managers have their hands full all the time because of employee high turnover rate and complaint. It can be suggested that few steps that would help to eliminate some of the problems that plague most human resources managers. It is very important to choose the right person for each job. However, this would be one of the hardest tasks of the human resources manager. Human resources manager’s job is to make sure that the employee chosen for the job will do it correctly. This can be easily done through the interview process. It is vital that Human resource managers have to assess the current impact of labor turnover, identify turnover rates, and compare turnover rates with internal or external standards for addressing employee turnover. Therefore, human resource management can use this information regarding negative employment characteristics as part of their pre-employment selection process in order to recognize Continue reading

Abey Francis

Loan Against Securities

Considerations of security form an important basis of lending. In fact, they constitute necessary adjunct to financial appraisal. Lending institutions have to examine the loan proposals from the point of view of nature and extent of security offered. Sometimes, there is a greater reliance on security due to inadequate financial appraisal, which in its turn may be due to non-availability of the necessary data. The security cover of the loan should, however, not be regarded as a substitute for an adequate financial assessment. Security considerations are of particular importance in less developed countries like India where information on the character, integrity and credit-worthiness of the borrowers is not readily available and much ground work has yet to be done in the establishment of credit information bureaus. A prudent term lending institution, therefore, secures its loan by adequate collateral and, where necessary, guarantees. It also embodies in the loan agreement suitable Continue reading

Abey Francis

Use of Reinforcement Theory to Overcome the Restraining Forces of Change

People refuse to new changes brought in the work environment due to many reasons of insecurity, uncertainty, etc. thus they do not accept the change and stand against it. Here we are trying to use reinforcement theory to achieve our objective. Restraining forces as the forces that make change more difficult. Restraining forces are those factors that resist change to occur; few examples are lack of skill and knowledge, antagonism between the employees and the manager, poor job description. There are many forces that restrain to a change in the work environment such as: Uncertainty regarding change. Fear of the unknown. Disturbances in the routine. Loss of existing benefits. Threat to the current position. Redistribution of power. Disturb in the existing social networks. Conformity to norms and culture. The general principle here is that whenever a change is perceived as creating some threat to the employee having his/her needs met Continue reading

Abey Francis