Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Kaizen – Understanding the Japanese Business Philosophy of Continuous Improvement

Operations Management

Role of Leaders in Shaping Organizational Culture

Management Principles

5S – Japanese Concept of Workplace Improvement

What is 5S Concept? Simply put, 5S is a method/Japanese concept for organizing a workplace, especially a shared workplace (like a shop floor or an office space). It’s sometimes referred to as a housekeeping methodology, however this characterization can be misleading because organizing a workplace goes beyond housekeeping (see discussion of “Seiton” below). The key targets of 5S concept are workplace morale and efficiency. The assertion of 5S is, by assigning everything a location, time is not wasted by looking for things. Additionally, it is quickly obvious when something is missing from its designated location. 5S advocates believe the benefits of this methodology come from deciding what should be kept, where it should be kept, and how it should be stored. This decision making process should lead to a dialog which can build a clear understanding, between employees, of how work should be done. It also instills ownership of the Continue reading

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Fixed Exchange Rate System

A fixed (or pegged) exchange rate system is one where governments or central banks set official exchange rates and defend the set rates through foreign exchange market intervention and monetary polices. Under this system, the currency is pegged to another currency (or basket of currencies) and the central bank promises to exchange currency at a specified rate against the other currency. Each central bank actively buys or sells its currency in foreign exchange market whenever its exchange rate threatens to deviate from its stated par value by more than an agreed-upon percentage. For example, India pegs its Rupee to the U.S. dollar at a rate of 45 rupee per dollar. The Reserve Bank of India(RBI) must always be willing to buy rupee with dollars or to buy dollars with rupee in any amount at the fixed rate of 45 rupee per dollar. Otherwise, there could be excess supply of or Continue reading

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Exchange Rate Regimes: International Gold Standard (1875- 1914)

Though in Great Britain currency notes from the Bank of England were made fully redeemable for gold during 1821, the first full-fledged gold standard was adopted by France   in 1878. Later on United States adopted it in 1879 and Russia and Japan in 1897, Switzerland, and many Scandinavian countries by 1928. An international Gold Standard is said to exist when; Gold alone is assured of unrestricted coinage There is a   two way convertibility between gold and national currencies at a stable ratio And gold may be freely imported and exported. In order to support unrestricted convertibility into gold, bank notes need to be backed by gold reserve of a minimum stated ratio. In addition, the domestic money stock should rise and fall as gold flows in and out of the country. In a version called Gold Specie Standard, the actual currency in circulation consists of gold coins with Continue reading

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Four Approaches to the Determination of Exchange Rates

In simple terms, it is the interaction of supply and demand factors for two currencies in the market that determines the rate at which they trade. But what factors influence the many thousands of decisions made each day to buy or sell a currency? How do changes in supply and demand conditions explain the path of an exchange rate over the course of a day, a month, or a year? This complex issue has been extensively studied in economic literature and widely discussed among investors, officials, academicians, traders, and others. Still, there are no definitive answers. Views on exchange rate determination differ and have changed over time. No single approach provides a satisfactory explanation of exchange rate movements, particularly short- and medium-term movements, since the advent of widespread floating in the early 1970s. Some approaches to exchange rate determination: 1. The Purchasing Power Parity Approach Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) theory Continue reading

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Types of Debt Mutual Funds

Debt mutual funds are those that predominantly invest in debt securities. Since most debt securities pay periodic interest to investors, these funds are also known as income funds. However, it must be remembered that funds investing in debt products can also offer a growth option to their investors. What is more important is that the portfolio is predominantly made up of debt securities. The universe of debt securities comprises of long-term instruments such as bonds issued by central and state governments, public sector organizations, public financial institutions and private sector companies; and short-term instruments such as call money lending, commercial papers and certificates of deposits and treasury bills. Debt funds tend to create a variety of options for investors by choosing one or more of the segments of the debt markets in their investment portfolio. Liquid Funds And Money Market Funds: These debt funds invest only in instruments with maturities Continue reading

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The Importance of Brand Perception

The perception of Branding holds great significance since many years; it is the explanation to distinguish the goods and services from one to another. Customer’s simple understanding of brand is to relate and consider with simple information processing about products purchasing and being positive about the brand to construct their trust with time. Branding is a method that is utilized by the enterprises to utilize trading schemes to enhance their merchandise or service likeness in order that it is more gladly recollected by the customer. Branding assists the goods or service to make a favorable influence on the goal customers while the branding notions assist in explaining the guidelines that should be pursued throughout the branding process. Brand equity is primarily constructed by laying a base of brand perception – finally forming affirmative brand images – and is finally maximized by high grades of brand commitment. The significance of brand equity comprises Continue reading

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