Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Kaizen – Understanding the Japanese Business Philosophy of Continuous Improvement

Operations Management

Role of Leaders in Shaping Organizational Culture

Management Principles

Organizational Culture – Development and Importance

Management Principles

Five Important Organizational Cultural Models

Management Principles

Interview Method of Data Collection in Research

Interview is one of the popular methods of research data collection. The term interview can be dissected into two terms as, ‘inter’ and ‘view’. The essence of interview is that one mind tries to read the other. The interviewer tries to assess the interviewed in terms of the aspects studied or issues analyzed. Purpose and Importance of Interview The main purpose of interview as a tool of data collection, is to gather data extensively and intensively. As Pauline.V Young pointed out that the objectives of the interview may be exchange of ideas and experiences, eliciting of information pertaining to a very wide range of data in which the interviewee may wish to rehearse his past, define his present and canvass his future possibilities. Thus, in brief, the objectives of interviewee are  two fold: To exchange ideas and experience and To elicit information. The importance of interview may be known through Continue reading

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Mergers and Acquisitions

In 21st century businesses are the game of growth. Every business want the optimum market share (growth) over their competitors, so companies are trying to get optimum growth by using the most common shortcut i.e. Merger and Acquisition (M&A). The growth main motive is financial stability of a business and also the shareholders wealth maximization and main coalition’s personal motivations. Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) provides a business with a potentially bigger market share and it opens the business up to a more diversified market. In these days it is the most commonly use methods for the growth of companies. Merger and Acquisition (M&A) basically makes a business bigger, increase its production and gives it more financial strength to become stronger against their competitor on the same market. Mergers and acquisitions have obtained quality throughout the world within the current economic conditions attributable to globalization, advancements of new technology and augmented Continue reading

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Barriers to integrated Marketing Communications

1. Functional Silos Resources, support and guidance of upper management are needed to build a successful integrated marketing communications campaign. The job of upper management is to make sure that all the resources are thoroughly no matter is for budgets, sharing data or people across teams. However, the problem now is integrated marketing communication don’t control by one manager only. All the managers involve in the information transmitting process have to work together in controlling the process. It mean that all the manager of advertising team, public relation team and also the marketing team have to coordinate in the process of delivering information about the product and service of the company to the target customer. When the control is shared among all the team manager, which can prove to be a difficult concept for some member of upper management, creating a barrier to integrated marketing communication. 2. Restricts Creativity Integrated Continue reading

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Business Growth Strategies

A growth strategy means increasing the level of the organization’s operations. This includes such popular measures as more revenues, more employees, and more of the market share. Growth can be achieved through direct expansion, a merger with similar firms, or diversification. Firms like Wal-Mart and McDonald’s have pursued a growth strategy by way of direct expansion. When Texaco absorbed Gulf Oil, it chose the merger route to growth. When Philip Morris bought General Foods, it was using diversification to achieve growth. Business growth strategies seek greater size and the expansion of current operations. Wal-Mart is pursuing a highly aggressive growth strategy. Its competitor, Target, is doing the same. These strategies are popular in part because growth is necessary for long-run survival in some industries. Many managers also equate growth with effectiveness, although this is not necessarily true. There are different ways to pursue growth. Some organizations try to grow internally Continue reading

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Retail Trading Area Dimensions

A critical element in determining a retailer’s success is the ability to assess and acquire a good location. To achieve this objective, the retailer is expected to identify, evaluate and select trading areas to segment his consumer markets further. After identifying and evaluating local markets, the retailer must then segment them into trading areas. A “retail trading area” is the area from which a store attracts its customers or obtains its business.  After this, the terminal point in location decision is that of selection of proper site. Before the trading area identification process, it is essential to know the dimensions to describe a retail trading area. These trading areas dimensions are – area size, area shape and area structure. The Trading Area Size Trading areas range in size from a few square meters to’ a radius of many kilometers. The size of the trading area is a function of the Continue reading

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Sources of Resistance to Change

The goal of planned organizational change is to find new or improved  ways of using resources and capabilities in order to increase an organization’s  ability to create value and improve returns to its stakeholders. An organization  in decline may need to restructure its resources to improve its fit with the  environment. At the same time even a thriving organization may need to change  the way it uses its resources so that it can develop new products or find new  markets for its existing products. In the last decade, over half of all Fortune 500  companies have undergone major organizational changes to allow them to  increase their ability to create value. One of the most well-documented findings  from studies have revealed that organizations and their members often resist  change. In a sense, this is positive. It provides a degree of stability and  predictability to behavior. If there weren’t some resistance, organizational Continue reading

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