Kaizen – Understanding the Japanese Business Philosophy of Continuous Improvement

Operations Management

Role of Leaders in Shaping Organizational Culture

Management Principles

Organizational Culture – Development and Importance

Management Principles

Five Important Organizational Cultural Models

Management Principles

The Customer Satisfaction Model – Based on American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI)

Marketing Management

Case Study: Success Story of Pfizer Inc

Pfizer was founded in 1849 in Brooklyn, New York. It started as a company that focused primarily on human health services and products. Now it focuses on three major segments of the health care industry, namely Pharmaceutical Health, Consumer Health and Animal Health, or Veterinary Services. Pfizer has headquarters in New York. Initially it was a small company operating in the USA. Currently, it has more than 115000 employees in 180 countries. It has over 70 manufacturing facilities around the globe and invests $7.7 Billion in R&D annually! Furthermore, Pfizer’s R&D locations are spread out in five countries and Pfizer also has 18 therapeutic areas across the globe. A total of 15 medicines made by Pfizer are leaders in their respective segments.  Lipitor, for example is the world’s largest selling medicine which is a cholesterol reduction medicine. Other names that are noteworthy are Listerine and Sudafed which can be found Continue reading

Abey Francis

Managing Leadership in Organizations

Basically, leadership is getting people to follow you. The moral and ethical considerations of leading are beyond the scope of this article, but their importance cannot be overstated. Unfortunately, much leadership is designed around a control/authority model. Many leaders, even the brightest, figure out what has to happen with things in the company, tell people what is needed for the desired results and then expect things to happen-a gross simplification of the process. You would be surprised how many leaders lead this way. In light of the psychological reality that people only do what they want to do, the current approach means that people follow and work only as hard as is necessary to avoid the consequences of disobedience. However, leadership can be a whole lot more than charting out a business strategy that others happen to follow. The most skilled leaders ask themselves, “What can I say or do Continue reading

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Downward Communication in Business

Downward Communication Downward communication in business usually dealt with job instructions, rationale, information and feedback. Downward communication is a supervisory communication, which is initiated by the upper management. It flows downward through lithe hierarchy of command. The effective downward communication is crucial to the success of the organization. The management or the supervisory staff has to communicate with the subordinates in order to organize, coordinate and direct the operational aspects of the organization. It is a very suitable channel to the organization in which the ‘chain of command’ is arranged in the ranks that are distinctly one below the other. Media of Downward Communication Oral media dominates the downward flow of communication. It is convenient for a departmental head to give oral instructions and orders to the supervisor. Instead of issuing lengthy written instructions, the Managing Director usually convenes a meeting of the departmental managers in order to impart the Continue reading

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Circular Flow of Income in a Three-Sector Economy and National Income Calculation

There are three main sectors of economy consists of household sectors, business sectors and government sectors. Household sector provides the factors of the production such as land, labor and capital and enterprise that the producers require to produce goods and services. They also receive payments as in rent, wages, interest and profits from the business sector. It is also stated that in general, household sector consists of the greatest number of consumers among all sectors and satisfying the wants will cause consume of their climate aim. Business sector act as a part as in receiving economy resources from household sector and in exchange for consumer expenditure, they also provide household sectors goods and services. Business sector is also given money to buy scarce economic resources from the resource market. While they’re in the product market, business sector sells their products and services, which is also the way they receives their income. To complete Continue reading

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Stakeholders Perspective on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

There are various definitions proposed by various scholars for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), but still, it remains uncertain and is poorly defined with few explanations. First, the issues that a CSR must address should be easily interpreted so that it includes virtually everyone and everything. Second, with its unique, often particular characteristics, different stakeholder groups tend to focus only on specific issues that they believe are the most appropriate and relevant in organizations’ corporate social responsibility programs. Thus, the beliefs about what constitutes a socially responsible and sustainable organization depend on the perspective of the stakeholder. Although the most basic definition CSR describes it as a social obligation for an organization, which is conceptually and operationally diverse. Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by businesses to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of Continue reading

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Factories Act 1948

Factory Act 1948 1.           Government regulation o the working condition in factories begins in India in 1881 when the first Indian factories Act was passed. 2.           This act was substantially amended in 1934 on the basis ob the recommendations of the Royal commission on labour. 3.           The act of 1934 dividend factories into two categories-seasonal and perennial. 4.           This act was amended several times. 5.           On the eve of independence the national government announced far reaching legislative program for the welfare of workers. 6.           As a part of this program, the factories act 1948 was passed. 7.           The factories act 1948 is comprehensive in nature and through it the government has tried to implement as Continue reading

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