Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Kaizen – Understanding the Japanese Business Philosophy of Continuous Improvement

Operations Management

Role of Leaders in Shaping Organizational Culture

Management Principles

Downward Communication in Business

Downward Communication Downward communication in business usually dealt with job instructions, rationale, information and feedback. Downward communication is a supervisory communication, which is initiated by the upper management. It flows downward through lithe hierarchy of command. The effective downward communication is crucial to the success of the organization. The management or the supervisory staff has to communicate with the subordinates in order to organize, coordinate and direct the operational aspects of the organization. It is a very suitable channel to the organization in which the ‘chain of command’ is arranged in the ranks that are distinctly one below the other. Media of Downward Communication Oral media dominates the downward flow of communication. It is convenient for a departmental head to give oral instructions and orders to the supervisor. Instead of issuing lengthy written instructions, the Managing Director usually convenes a meeting of the departmental managers in order to impart the Continue reading

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Circular Flow of Income in a Three-Sector Economy and National Income Calculation

There are three main sectors of economy consists of household sectors, business sectors and government sectors. Household sector provides the factors of the production such as land, labor and capital and enterprise that the producers require to produce goods and services. They also receive payments as in rent, wages, interest and profits from the business sector. It is also stated that in general, household sector consists of the greatest number of consumers among all sectors and satisfying the wants will cause consume of their climate aim. Business sector act as a part as in receiving economy resources from household sector and in exchange for consumer expenditure, they also provide household sectors goods and services. Business sector is also given money to buy scarce economic resources from the resource market. While they’re in the product market, business sector sells their products and services, which is also the way they receives their income. To complete Continue reading

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Stakeholders Perspective on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

There are various definitions proposed by various scholars for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), but still, it remains uncertain and is poorly defined with few explanations. First, the issues that a CSR must address should be easily interpreted so that it includes virtually everyone and everything. Second, with its unique, often particular characteristics, different stakeholder groups tend to focus only on specific issues that they believe are the most appropriate and relevant in organizations’ corporate social responsibility programs. Thus, the beliefs about what constitutes a socially responsible and sustainable organization depend on the perspective of the stakeholder. Although the most basic definition CSR describes it as a social obligation for an organization, which is conceptually and operationally diverse. Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by businesses to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of Continue reading

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Factories Act 1948

Factory Act 1948 1.           Government regulation o the working condition in factories begins in India in 1881 when the first Indian factories Act was passed. 2.           This act was substantially amended in 1934 on the basis ob the recommendations of the Royal commission on labour. 3.           The act of 1934 dividend factories into two categories-seasonal and perennial. 4.           This act was amended several times. 5.           On the eve of independence the national government announced far reaching legislative program for the welfare of workers. 6.           As a part of this program, the factories act 1948 was passed. 7.           The factories act 1948 is comprehensive in nature and through it the government has tried to implement as Continue reading

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Exchange Rate Factors – Factors Affecting Exchange Rates

When trade takes place between the residents of two countries, the two countries being a sovereign state have their own set of regulations and currency. The exporter would like to get the payment in the currency of his own country, the importer can pay only in the currency of the importers country. This creates a need for the conversion of the currency of importer’s into that of the exporter’s country. Foreign exchange is the mechanism by which the currency of one country is gets converted into the currency of another country. The conversion is done by banks and financial institutions, who deals with foreign exchange business. When one currency is converted into another, there must be some basis in effecting the conversion. The basis by which the currency unit of one country gets converted into currency units of another country is known as foreign exchange rate. Foreign exchange rate is Continue reading

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Introduction to Organization Development

Organizations change from time to time. Changes with respect to continuous improvements, diversity, and work process engineering require the organization to move forward through a process called organizational development. Definition of Organization Development: Organization development is a process that addresses system wide change in the organization. Change agent: Change agents are individuals responsible for fostering the change effort and assisting employees in adapting to changes They are may be internal employees, or external consultants. What is change? Organization development efforts support changes that are usually made in four areas: The organization’s systems Technology Processes People Two metaphors clarify the change process. The calm waters metaphor: It describes unfreezing the status quo, change to a new state, and refreezing to ensure that the change is permanent. Kurt Lewin describes the status quo can be considered an equilibrium state. Unfreezing, necessary to move from this equilibrium, is achieved in one of three Continue reading

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