Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Kaizen – Understanding the Japanese Business Philosophy of Continuous Improvement

Operations Management

Role of Leaders in Shaping Organizational Culture

Management Principles

Factors Leading to Integration of Marketing Communication

Keeping in view the dynamic environment of today’s business, marketer is required to develop the product that have the capacity to satisfy target market needs and wants, price that product attractively, and ensure its availability to the target customers. But the task does not stop over here; the organization must also communicate with their target about the company offerings. Communication is the process in which messages are exchanged to achieve a desired behavior direction or goal. The task of communication with target market is called promotion in marketing. A company can use variety of promotion techniques including advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, direct marketing and public relations to achieve the company’s communication objectives. From the last two decades, promotions strategies used by organizations around the world have undergone through tremendous changes. This is due to the fact that the technology has revolutionized our daily life, marketing promotion have no exception. Continue reading

Abey Francis

The Difference Between Traditional File Systems and DBMS

Traditional File Systems File-based systems were an early attempt to computerize the manual filing system. File-based system is a collection of application programs that perform services for the end-users, such as updating, insertion, deletion adding new files to database etc. Each program defines and manages its data. When a computer user wants to store data electronically they must do so by placing data in files. Files are stored in specific locations on the hard disk (directories). The user can create new files to place data in, delete a file that contains data, rename the file, etc which is known as file management; a function provided by the Operating System (OS). Database Management System The improvement of the File-Based System (FBS) was the Database Management System (DBMS) which came up in the 60’s. (DBMS) consists of software that operates databases, providing storage, access, security, backup and other facilities. This system can Continue reading

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What is Expense Center?

In expense centers, inputs or expenses are measured in monetary terms whereas the outputs are not measured in monetary terms.   There are two types of expense centers – engineered expense centers and discretionary expense centers. Engineered expense centers:  In these centers, inputs or expenses are measured in monetary terms and outputs are measured in physical terms. These centers are usually found in the manufacturing units that use a standard cost system. There are certain responsibility centers within administrative and support departments that actually are engineered expense centers. In these centers, the cost of the product is determined by multiplying the output of each unit with its standard cost. Its efficiency is measured by comparing the actual cost with the standard cost. Discretionary expense centers:  In discretionary expense centers, the output cannot be measured in monetary terms. Discretionary expense centers include administrative and support units like   legal,   accounting, Continue reading

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Aligning Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

History tells us that ethics generate trust. But before anything else, ethics create a reputation, which in turn develops the elements of trust between people. The thrust of intensive ethical attention in business is brought about by the growing power of consumers towards businesses. Gone are the days when they would just buy products based on what it offers because now they would likely care about the brand’s practices. Consider the impact of Nike’s marred reputation on its economic activities when unethical workplace environments and practices were made public. The company was quick to decide on what it should do to the situation, which is to gain public trust again through public showmanship of ethical efforts. Although ethical choices are unavoidable and ethics is inescapable even in business, the intensity of such phenomenon has increased due to the growing concern on the collective impact of a business’ unethical action. The Continue reading

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Importance of Strategic Planning

Strategic planning encourages, managers to take a holistic view of both the business and its environment. The importance of strategic planning is its ability to harness a series of objectives, strategies, policies and actions than can work together. Managing a company strategically means thinking and accordingly taking suitable action on multiple fronts. Due to involvement of multiple operations objectives, strategies, policies or actions may, on the surface, appear contradictory and mutually exclusive, but in reality they can work together. Strategic planning provides the framework for all the major business decisions of an enterprise-decisions on business, products and markets, manufacturing facilities, investments and organizational structure. In a successful corporation, strategic planning works as the path finder to various business opportunities, simultaneously it also serves as a corporate defense mechanism helping the firm avoid costly mistakes in product market choices or investments. Strategic planning has the ultimate burden of providing a corporation Continue reading

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Extrinsic and Intrinsic Rewards – Impact on Individual and Organization Performance

In this competitive environment nowadays, organisations are predicted to be more aggressive on empowering the employees because the employees’ job satisfactions are important for the whole organizational performance. Because of this reason, in order to achieve the organization’s missions and goals, the effectiveness on managing the motivation of employees should not be excluded. The motivation such as employees’ satisfaction on their works or the rewards given to them leads to better performance in their organization. Rewards are the performance incentives that given by the company to the individuals due to their good work performance. There are two types of rewards that normally implemented by the organizations to motivate the employees, extrinsic rewards and intrinsic rewards. Based on the Vroom’s expectancy theory of motivation, extrinsic rewards are positively valued work outcomes that the individual receives from some other person in the work setting, include such things as pay, financial incentives, security, Continue reading

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