The Concept of Dematerialisation of Securities

Origin of Dematerialisation in India The concept of demat was introduced in Indian capital market in 1996 with the setting up of NSDL. A depository holds securities in dematerialized form. It maintains ownership records of securities in a book entry form and also effects transfer of ownership through book entry. SEBI has introduced some degree of compulsion in trading and settlement of securities in demat form while the investors have a right to hold securities in either physical or demat form, SEBI has mandated compulsory trading and settlement of securities in select securities in dematerialized form. This was initially introduced for institutional investors and was later extended to all investors. Starting with 12 script on15th Jan 1998, all investors are required to mandatory trade in dematerialized form in respect of 2335 securities as at end-June 2001. By Nov, 2001. 3811 companies were under demit mode and the rest of the Continue reading

SEBI (Stock brokers & Sub-brokers) Regulations, 1992

In terms of regulation 2(g), ‘small investor’ means any investor buying or selling securities on a cash transaction for a market value not exceeding rupees fifty thousand in aggregate on any day as shown in a contract note issued by the stock-broker. Registration of Stock Broker A stock broker applies in the prescribed format for grant of a certificate through the stock exchange or stock exchanges, as the case may be, of which he is admitted as a member (Regulation 3). The stock exchange forwards the application form to SEBI as early as possible as but not later than thirty days from the date of its receipt. SEBI takes into account for considering the grant of a certificate all matters relating to buying, selling, or dealing in securities and in particular the following, namely, whether the stock broker: (a) is eligible to be admitted as a member of a stock Continue reading

Case Study: Warren Buffet’s Investment Style

Warren Buffett is the only billionaire in history to amass his fortune entirely through shrewd investing. He started investing with ten thousand dollars earned from a paper route and went on to become one of the wealthiest people in the world. Today his worth is staggering $30 billion. Warren Buffett was born on August 30, 1930 in Omaha, Nebraska. Since his early childhood, he has been fond of reading various kinds of investment books and The Wall Street Journal. He bought his first stock at age 11. He regretted later as he made delay in purchasing his first stock. At the age of 15, he had saved enough money to buy a 40 acre land from his father at Nebraska. By the age of 20, his fortune was estimated $9800 and it was about $68000 in inflated dollars at the end of 1999. Buffett completed his degree from University of Continue reading

Expatriate Compensation – Meaning, Factors, Components, and Approaches

The compensation has long been established as a primary means of fostering loyalty and productivity of international expatriates. Nevertheless, the HR managers continue to face several challenges when implementing it which ends up in loss towards the organizations. The issues that gave birth to international human resource management remain more important than other functional areas is expatriation and adaptation of practices to different cultures. Factors Affecting Expatriate Compensation The most often mentioned factor that influences the expatriates’ satisfaction by the compensation strategies is the differences in cost of living between the host and parent country. If the cost is higher, the employer is required to adjust the compensation package in order to merge the gap. In the opposite situation, the difference is not subtracted. Such approach is known as a no loss policy and occurs with slight variations in the majority of the HR practices. The most difficult part of addressing Continue reading

Case Study: Analysis of the Ethical Behavior of Coca Cola

Coca-Cola is the world’s largest beverage company that operates the largest distribution system in the world. This allows Coca-Cola companies to serve more than 1 billion of its products to customers each day. The marketing strategy for Coca-Cola promotes products from four out of the five top selling soft drinks to earn sales such as Coke, Diet Coke, Fanta and Sprite. This process builds strong customer relationships, which gives the opportunity for these businesses to be identified and satisfied. With that being said, customers will be more willing to help Coca-Cola produce and grow. Pepsi and Coca-Cola, between them, hold the dominant share of the world market. Even though Coca-Cola produces and sells big across the United States, in order for the company to expand and grow, they had to build their global soft drink market by selling to customers internationally. For example, both companies continued to target international markets Continue reading

Successful Cross-Border E-commerce Strategies

With the advent of the internet, e-commerce has become an established way for people to buy and sell goods. The convenience it offers us has transformed the way we shop and as global access to the internet increases, the number of people buying and selling online is also set to increase. In 2021, worldwide e-commerce sales totaled approximately $5.2 trillion dollars. This figure is predicted to grow by 56% over the next few years, reaching about $8.1 trillion dollars by 2026. In today’s digital world, there are more opportunities than ever for businesses to trade beyond their country or borders. This is something many businesses are increasingly capitalizing on through cross-border e-commerce. In this article, we’ll explore some strategies that can facilitate success when it comes to cross-border e-commerce. Research Local Markets Before setting up shop in a foreign market it’s important to do some research to establish whether it Continue reading