Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Kaizen – Understanding the Japanese Business Philosophy of Continuous Improvement

Operations Management

Role of Leaders in Shaping Organizational Culture

Management Principles

Principle of Time Perspective

The economic concepts of the long run and the short run have become part of everyday language. Managerial economists are also concerned with the short-run and long-run effects of decisions on revenues as well as on costs. The actual problem in decision-making is to maintain the right balance between the long-run and short-run considerations. A decision may be made on the basis of short-run considerations, but may in the course of time offer long-run repercussions, which make it more or less profitable than it appeared at first. An illustration will make this point clear. Suppose there is a firm with temporary idle capacity. An order for 5,000 units comes to management’s attention. The customer is willing to pay 4.00 $ per unit or 20,000 $ for the whole lot but not more. The short-run incremental cost (ignoring the fixed cost) is only 3.00 $. Therefore, the contribution to overhead and Continue reading

Abey Francis

Total Quality Management And Continuous Quality Improvement

Meaning of Total Quality Management (TQM) Total quality management (TQM) is defined as “managing the entire organization so that it excels in all dimensions of products and services that are important to the customer.” As the definition states, this philosophy concentrates on quality as a primary component of the organization’s drive for competitive advantage. Marketing decision-making is directly effected by such a system because quality is a component of product/service design and can be an important decision-making criterion employed by potential buyers. The TQM model goes beyond product and service quality, however, and suggests that a highly structured system of management that emphasizes mechanisms like control and punitive action which stifles people and ultimately hinders an organization’s attempt to produce quality products and services. Rather, the organization that views all its employees as critical, creative resources will be much better able to pursue quality in every activity and through every Continue reading

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Introduction to Investments – Meaning, Objectives and Elements

Concept of Investment Investment is the employment of funds with the aim of getting return on it. In general terms, investment means the use of money in the hope of making more money. In finance, investment means the purchase of a financial product or other item of value with an expectation of favorable future returns. Investment of hard earned money is a crucial activity of every human being. Investment is the commitment of funds which have been saved from current consumption with the hope that some benefits will be received in future. Thus, it is a reward for waiting for money. Savings of the people are invested in assets depending on their risk and return demands. Investment refers to the concept of deferred consumption, which involves purchasing an asset, giving a loan or keeping funds in a bank account with the aim of generating future returns. Various investment options are Continue reading

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Ways to Overcome Resistance to Organizational Change

Change triggers emotional reaction because of the uncertainty involved, and most Organisational change efforts run into some form of employee resistance. Resistance to change can be overcome by education and communication, participation and involvement, facilitation and support, negotiation and rewards, and coercion and manipulation. Kotter and Schlesinger set out the following six change approaches to deal with this resistance to change: Education and Communication — Where there is a lack of information or inaccurate information and analysis. One of the best ways to overcome resistance to change is to educate people about the change effort beforehand. Up-front communication and education helps employees see the logic in the change effort. this reduces unfounded and incorrect rumors concerning the effects of change in the organization. Participation and Involvement — Where the initiators do not have all the information they need to design the change and where others have considerable power to resist. Continue reading

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Pricing under Different Market Structures

Price-fixation is an important managerial function in all business enterprises. If the price set is quite high, the seller may not find enough number of consumers to buy his product. If the price fixed is too low, the seller may not be able to cover his cost. Thus, fixing appropriate price is a major decision-taking function of any enterprise. Price-decisions, no doubt, need to be reviewed from time to time. Market Structures and Pricing Decisions A firm operates in a market and not in isolation. Under Perfect Competition price is determined by the forces of demand and supply. The point of intersection between demand and supply curves is the point of equilibrium which determines the equilibrium price. Each firm under perfect competition is a price taker and not a price maker. The Average Revenue Curve of a firm under perfect competition is horizontal and that AR = MR. Further there Continue reading

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Valuation of Assets in a Demerger

A demerger scheme usually involves the allotment of shares in the transferee company to the shareholders of the transferor company, in lieu of their reduction of their interest in the transferee company having a mirror image of shareholdings. If post demerger as part of strategy, intention is to create holding subsidiary relationship or retain part stake than it is possible to allot shares of the transferee company to the transferor company. In the context of a demerger scheme, a valuation exercise is mandatory in order to determine the number of shares to be issued to the shareholders of the transferor company in consideration for the spin off/demerger of the undertaking or undertakings. If demerger is going to be in ‘Shell Company’, than valuation is primarily to determine the capital structure of the Transferee/Resultant Company. If the demerged and resulting companies belong to same group of management and shareholders are common, Continue reading

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