Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Kaizen – Understanding the Japanese Business Philosophy of Continuous Improvement

Operations Management

Role of Leaders in Shaping Organizational Culture

Management Principles

Organizational Culture – Development and Importance

Management Principles

Five Important Organizational Cultural Models

Management Principles

Greiner’s Model of Organizational Growth – Phases of Organizational Growth and Crisis

All organizations pass through various stages of growth and at each stage the  organization is required to solve some specific problems. A very useful model of organizational growth has been developed by Larry E. Greiner.  In his 1998 Harvard Business Review article entitled “Evolution and Revolution as Organizations Grow,” Greiner outlined five phases of growth punctuated by what he termed “revolutions” that shook up the status quo and ushered in the successive stage. Greiner’s Model of organizational growth  is based on certain assumptions about the organization which are as under: First assumption is organisations are rigid, bureaucratic, control-centric, and centralized entities. Second, organisations fail to see that the future success of an organisation lie within their own organisation, and also fail to assess their evolving states of development. Therefore inability of a management to understand its organisation development problems can result in organisation becoming frozen in its present stage of Continue reading

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How Interest Rates Can Influence Financial Decisions?

Interest rates exert the following economic influences. Interest rates in a country influence the foreign exchange value of the country’s currency. Interest rates act as a guide to the return that a company’s shareholders might want, and changes in market interest rates will affect share prices. A positive real rate of interest enhances an investor’s real wealth to the income he earns from his investments. However, when interest rates go up or down, perhaps due to a rise or fall in the rate of inflation, there will also be a potential capital loss or gain for the investor. In other words, the market value of interest-bearing securities will alter. Market values will fall when interest rates go up and vice versa. Interest Rates are Important for Financial Decisions by Companies Interest rate is important for financial decisions by companies. The incidence of the interest rates can have the following effects. Continue reading

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Desirable Conditions for the Success of an Incentive Scheme

A good wage incentive plan should have the following characteristics. Administrative simplicity: The incentive system should be simple and must be easily understood by the workers and their representatives.   An incentives scheme, which can be understood, only by engineers and mathematicians or a scheme which involves the use of complex formulate or references and cross-references is sure to fail.   The incentive scheme should be such that workmen can calculate their own earnings easily and quickly. Minimum clerical work: The system should fit into existing system of production and cost control.   It should not involve any significant addition to the clerical work. Maximum coverage: The system should cover as many workmen as possible.   A scheme if applied to a few workmen creates a demoralizing effect on the morale of those not covered by the scheme. Direct: Incentive payments should increase at least in direct proportion to the Continue reading

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Importance of Strong Brands in Marketing Strategy

Louis Vuitton, Gucci, Chanel, Nike, Adidas, coke-cola all are the famous brand name in the today’s global market. Brand is not set up suddenly, but it is a perception formed from experiences and communication. Simultaneously, brand help distinguish products and services from other competitors and prompt the consumer to remember information related to the brand. A strong brand makes people more aware and engage in its brand image, more satisfy with brand product quality and willingness to pay a premium price for it. Therefore, organization could earn more profit from a strong brand product, and also contain the customer and gaining trust and loyalty from them. Consumer’s perception for a brand is important for consumer to differentiate the brand product. For consumer, brand is a symbol of high class; it is signal of high quality and stands for high percentage of satisfaction. However, a brand has their own target audience Continue reading

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Are Entrepreneurs Made or Born?

Since the late 18th century, business has constituted a main composition of the modern society. As the success of Steve Jobs, Bill Gates and Warren Buffet, many people start their own business in chase of profit. There are entrepreneurs growing everyday while some others bankrupting. You may think that entrepreneurs are born successful, and they owned an enormous business. However, entrepreneur is not defined as the one who has made their business tremendous, but the one who starts his own company and employs himself. Therefore, anyone can become an entrepreneur if he or she starts his or her own business and works for himself or herself. There are no boundaries among people, but your working position determines whether you are an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are not naturally born, but naturally made. Entrepreneurship is actually not a destiny, but a qualification. It is the qualities that make entrepreneurs successful. Moreover, the qualities Continue reading

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Classical Principles of Taxation

A number of principles that characterize taxation in general and the taxation system more specifically were set forth by Adam Smith. These are: The principle of justice, which promotes the universality of taxation and the evenness of tax distribution among citizens in correspondence with their revenues (“the subjects of the state must participate in the maintenance of the government in correspondence with the income that they make use of under the protection and with the help of the state”). This principle means that taxes must be deducted in conformity with the capacity of the payer, who is obligated to take part in financing a corresponding share of the state’s expenditures. In the international practice, there are two methods of implementing the justice and equality principle. The first method entails insuring the benefit of the taxpayer. According to this approach, taxes paid must correspond to the benefits received by the taxpayer Continue reading

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