Portfolio Analysis in Investment Portfolio Management

The main aim of portfolio analysis in investment portfolio management is to give a caution direction to the risk and return of an investor on portfolio. Individual securities have risk return characteristics of their own. Therefore, portfolio analysis indicates the future risk and return in holding of different individual instruments. The portfolio analysis has been highly successful in tracing the efficient portfolio. Portfolio analysis considers the determination of future risk and return in holding various blends of individual securities. An investor can sometime reduce portfolio risk by adding another security with greater individual risk than any other security in the portfolio. Portfolio analysis is mainly depending on Risk and Return of the portfolio. The expected return of a portfolio should depend on the expected return of each of the security contained in the portfolio. The amount invested in each security is most important. The portfolio’s expected holding period value relative Continue reading

Managing Planned Organizational Change Process

A planned change is a change planned by the organization; it does not happen by itself. It is affected by the organization with the purpose of achieving something that might otherwise by unattainable or attainable with great difficulty. Through planned change, an organization can achieve its goals rapidly. The basic reasons for planned change are: To improve the means for satisfying economic needs of members To increase profitability To promote human work for human beings To contribute to individual satisfaction and social well being The planned organizational  change process may comprise, basically the three following steps: Planning for change Assessing change forces Implementing the change 1. Planning for Change The first step in the process of change is to identify the need for change and the area of changes as to whether it is a strategic change, process oriented change or employee oriented change. This need for change can be Continue reading

Understanding the Talent Cliff

The talent cliff is a looming challenge facing organizations across a variety of industries. The phrase refers to the coming shortage of experienced, knowledgeable workers as the baby boomer generation retires en masse. This large cohort of workers has played a central role in driving the U.S. economy for the past several decades, and their absence could lead to a significant talent gap that could prove detrimental to many industries. This essay will explore the talent cliff, its causes and effects, and the potential strategies and solutions that organizations can adopt to mitigate the talent cliff’s impact on their operations. Causes of the Talent Cliff The baby boomer generation, which includes individuals born between 1946 and 1964, has played a central role in the U.S. economy for many years. As this generation reaches retirement age, a significant portion of the workforce is expected to retire in the coming years, leading Continue reading

Rolling Settlement System

Rolling Settlement process , also known as Compulsory Rolling Settlement (CRS) where trades on a stock exchange were to be accounted for and settled on T i.e. trade day plus “X” trading days, where “X” could be 1,2,3,4 or 5 days. Thus, in essence, it means that if say a T+n, where n is the number of days system of rolling settlement was to be followed, trades accounted for on the T i.e. trade day were to be settled on the nth working day minus the T day. The Account period of settling transactions was followed in India for a long time. It worked on the idea that transactions for an entire week were to be settled on a pre-specified date the very next week. However, this process was considered too technical and cumbersome. This settlement risk is lowered in  Rolling Settlement as the settlement of debts accounting to different Continue reading

The Concept of Entrepreneurial Opportunities

Most entrepreneurial firms are started with finding the opportunities. The opportunity is very importance. It is a favorable set of circumstances that creates the need for a new product, service, or business idea. An opportunity has four essential qualities: it is attractive, durable, timely and anchored in a product, service or business that creates or adds value for its buyer or end user. The entrepreneurs usually use three ways to identify an opportunity. There are observing trends, solving a problem and finding gaps in the marketplace. Entrepreneurial opportunities as situations in which new goods, services, raw materials, markets and organizing methods can be introduced through the formation of new means, ends, or means-ends relationships. These situations do not need to change the terms of economic exchange to be entrepreneurial opportunities, but only need to have the potential to alter the terms of economic exchange. In addition, unlike optimizing or satisfying Continue reading

Assessment of Fixed Capital Requirements

The fixed capital of an industrial concern is invested in fixed assets like plant and machinery, land, buildings furniture, etc. These assets are not fixed in value; in fact, their value may record an increase of decrease in course of time. They are fixed in the sense that without them, the business of the concern cannot be carried on. This means that the fixed capital is used for meeting the permanent or long-term needs of the concern. While making an assessment of the fixed capital requirements, a list of the fixed assets needed by the concern will have to be prepared, say, by promoter. Having compiled a list of the fixed assets which will be required, it is not difficult to estimate the amount of funds required for the purpose. The prices of land are generally known, or can be easily ascertained. A contractor can be relied upon to give Continue reading