Comparison Between Merit Based Regulation and Disclosure Based Regulation

There are two basic models of regulatory system which is the supervision framework for securities market which is a merit based regulation and disclosure based regulation. These regulation systems are important to provide adequate investor protection and regulate business practices or codes of conduct that reduce systemic risks.  Merit Based Regulation (MBR) A securities regulator is needed, which control all matters relating to securities and to take all reasonable measures to preserve the confidence of investors in the securities market by ensuring sufficient security for such investors. The securities regulator has the discretion to approve the proposals with such revisions and subject to such terms and conditions as it deems fit. The securities regulator also has the power to reject corporate proposals if it is reasonably satisfied that these proposals are not in the best interest of the public company and/or the investing public. Authorities regulate securities offering – Under the Continue reading

Concept of Export Packing

The aim of every exporter must be to ensure that the goods arrive safely in the hands of the consumer. The fact that the goods are fully insured is in excuse for not bothering to check whether damage or pilferage occurs during the transit. Whilst the payment of the insurance claim may satisfy the buyer financially, it will not satisfy him mentally. The buyer orders the goods because he can sell them, before the vessel arrives. If he receives only a part of what he has handed in a salable condition, he will probably lose the goodwill of his customers and, in consequences, will blame the exporter. Distinction Between Packing and Packaging There is distinction between the terms export packing and packaging. Packaging refers to the job of providing specialized containers for the packing of goods. Packing is used for the general operation of putting goods into containers for shipment Continue reading

Internet of Things (IoT) Connectivity Landscape and Security Challenges

IoT refers to the Internet of Things. The Internet is connected to any device (including cell phones, cars, home equipment, and other wearable devices integrated with the sensor system) so that they can exchange information with each other over a network. The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) as a network goes back to the 1980s, from where it took momentum later on to become the future of the internet. Over a couple of decades, we have seen diversified technologies in communications emerging and reflecting upon different applications and their requirements as they satisfy the needs of both personal and commercial use.  Internet of Things (IoT) Connectivity Landscape The Internet of Things (IoT) landscape now involves an intense variety of accessible connectivity alternatives that need to be harmonized first across various sectors and then correctly coupled to fulfill the IoT Technical Key Performance Indicators. Internet of Things technology is Continue reading

Zero Based Budgeting

Traditional budgeting starts with previous year expenditure level as a base and then discussion is focused on certain “additions” or “cuts” to be made in the previous year spending. The top management finally gives its approval after hearing the arguments for and against the “additions and “cuts”. In  Zero Based Budgeting (ZBB) reference, is not made to previous level of spending. A convincing case is made for each decision unit to justify the budget allotment for that unit during that period.  Zero Based Budgeting differs from traditional budgeting on many points and following tire a few points of difference between the two systems of budgeting: Traditional Budgeting Vs Zero Based Budgeting Traditional budgeting is accounting-oriented and mainly lays its emphasis in previous year expenditure.  Zero Based Budgeting is decision-oriented and makes all projects and programmes old and new to complete for scarce resources. In traditional budgeting, past expenditure forms the Continue reading

Case Study: Critical Success Factors of Dell

DELL’s direct-to-customer business model is the key to the company’s dramatic growth and success and has focused on selling directly to customers. This helps eliminate the middleman and offers customers more powerful configured systems than most competitors. The direct model enables DELL to develop a thorough understanding of customer expectations, which strengthens customer relationships and increases customer satisfaction and loyalty. One of the characteristics that distinguishes DELL from its other competitors is that DELL provides the mode to custom the computers of the customers’ choice and taste and deliver the system to the customer as it is the most crucial and critical success factor behind DELL Computers. Therefore, DELL must be aware of the benefits they wish to realize, how it will be realized and ensure only investments of appropriate amounts of resources to obtain benefits. DELL relies on reputation in the US market of award-winning service and a high-quality Continue reading

Procedural Aspects of Project Finance

The procedural aspects of project financing by banks and other major financial institutions consists of following stages: 1. Identification of the Project The project’s idea is introduced to providers by various sources: a request from the government concerned or financials identification missions may identify a proposal from other financiers, or it. Applications for financing are then sorted out and classified: projects to be financed are selected from amongst projects which have top priority in the development plans of the beneficiary countries and which meet the requirements established by the rules for financing set out by the providers and agreed upon by the government concerned. In all cases, an official request from the government should be submitted to financials before it decides to participate in the financing. 2. Desk Review and Determination of the Project’s Scope Experts, each in his field of specialization, study all the documents available on the project Continue reading